ASME SA-31 pdf free download

ASME SA-31 pdf free download SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL RIVETS AND BARS FOR RIVETS, PRESSURE VESSELS
5.2 Heat Analysis — An analysis of each heat of steelshall be made by the bar manufacturer to determine forGrades A and B the percentages of carbon,manganese,phosphorus,and sulfur. This analysis shall be made from a test ingot taken during the noysris snaf be made fromchemical composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser or his representative and shall conform to therequirements for heat analysis in accordance with Table 1.
5.3 Product Analysis — An analysis may be made bythe purchaser from finished materials representing eachheat.The chemical composition thus determined shall con-form to the requirements for product analysis prescribedin Table 1.
5.4 Application of heats of steel to which bismuth,selenium.tellurium,or lead has been intentionally addedshall not be permitted.
5.5Chemical analyses shall be performed in accor-dance with Test Methods.Practices, and TerminologyA 751.
6. Mechanical Properties6.1 Rivet Bend Tests:
6.1.1 The rivet shank of Grade A steel shall standbeing bent cold through 180° flat on itself，as shown inFig. 1 , without cracking on the outside of the bent portion.
hai.6.1.2The rivet shank of Grade B steel shall stand
outside of the bent portion in accordance with Table 2.
6.2 Rivet Flattening Tests — The rivet head shall standbeing flattened,while hot，to a diameter 2/ times thediameter of the shank, as shown in Fig. 2, without crackingat the edges.
6.3 Bar Tensile Properties — Bars shall conform to thetensile requirements in accordance with Table 3.
6.4 Bar Bend Tests:
6.4.1 The test specimen for Grade A steel bars shallstand being bent cold through 180° flat on itself withoutcracking on the outside of the bent portion.
6.4.2 The test specimen for Grade B steel bars shallstand being bent cold through 180° without cracking onthe outside of the bent portion to an inside diameter whichshall have a relation to the diameter of the specimen inaccordance with Table 4.
7. Dimensions,Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Rivets:
7.1.1 The dimensions of rivets shall conform toB18.1.2 for nominal diameters in. and larger and B18.1.1for nominal diameters h6 in. and less.
7.1.2 Snap gage measurement shall be made at thepoint of minimum diameter,but it is not required that therivet shall turn completely in the gage.Measurements ofthe maximum tolerance shall be made with a ring gage,all rivets to slip full to the head in the gage of the requiredsize for the various diameters.
7.2 Bars – The diameter of hot-finished rivet bars shallnot vary from the size specified by more than the amountsin accordance with Table 5.
8.Workmanship,Finish, and Appearance
8.1 Rivets — The finished rivets shall be true to form,concentric, and free of injurious defects.
8.2 Bars:
8.2.1 Bars shall be free of visible pipe, undue segre-gation, and injurious surface imperfections.
8.2.2 Surface Finish—The bars shall have a commer-cial hot-wrought finish obtained by conventional hot roll-
ing. See 4.4 for producer’s descaling option.
9. Number of Tests and Retests
9.1 Rivets -Sampling for rivet bend and rivet flatteningtests shall be in accordance with Guide F 1470, detectionprocess.
9.2 Bars:
9.2.1Two tension tests shall be made from eachheat, unless the finished material from a heat is less than50 tons (45 Mg), when one tension test will be sufficient.However, for material 2 in.(51 mm) and under in thickness,when the material from one heat differs % in. (9.5 mm) ormore in thickness，one tension test shall be made fromboth the thickest and the thinnest material rolled regardlessof the weight represented. Each test shall conform to thespecified requirements.
9.2.2 Retests on bars may be made in accordancewith Specification A 29/A 29M.
10.Specimen Preparation
10.1 Rivets — Rivets shall be tested in their full-sizefinished condition.
10.2 Bars:
10.2.1Test specimen selection and preparation shallbe in accordance with Specification A 29/A 29M and TestMethods and Definitions A 370.